Childhood Epileptic Encephalopathy / Pediatric Epilepsy Syndrome

Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is a pediatric epilepsy syndrome characterized by multiple seizures disorder, intellectual disability or milestones regression and abnormal findings on EEG

Incidence

• Nearly 4% of all pediatric epilepsy cases and nearly 25 in 100,000 children
• Boys are more likely to be affected than girls

Signs and symptoms

• Frequent Seizures
• Low IQ / Poor cognition
• A variant of Infantile spasm / west syndrome
• Onset between 6-24 months of age
• Varity of seizures- tonic seizure, absence seizure, generalized tonic-clonic seizures,
• Muscle tone disorder / sudden loss of muscle tone
• Sudden fall / head nodding
• Drooping eyelids
• Sensory dysfunction

Causes

• Mostly due Brain tumor, Serious head injury, pediatric stroke, tuberous sclerosis, etc

Diagnosis Making

• Developmental Profile
• EEG (Both awaking and sleep)
• CT Scan / MRI / PET / SPECT Scan

Treatment / Management

• LG Syndrome is very difficult to treat as most of the anticonvulsant do not work in this condition. Need very specialized selection of medications

Medical & Surgical Treatment

• Need major and specialized medical management to control seizure disorder. A combination therapy is always advisable
• Surgical options in the form of Corpus callosotomy, Vagus nerve stimulation, focal cortical resection are currently in practice with satisfactory results

Therapy

• Physiotherapy
• Occupational therapy
• Special education
• Cognitive behavior therapy
• Need based Speech therapy
• Nutritional therapy-Ketogenic Diet

Prognosis

• The prognosis of LG Syndrome is not always favorable. Some can lead an independent life others are totally dependent. Death due to accident is very high.

If you want to know more about LG Syndrome or want to consult us, please contact us at
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